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Life of Shinzo Abe: Author of Abenomics & Architect of Quad Alliance_我的网站

A |     美国和伊朗战事延宕近半年，伊朗对美国在海湾地区的多座军事基地发动反击，迫使美方审视重建遇袭基地是否“划算”。    Former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was declared dead by the local hospital authority, where he was admitted after being shot on Friday during a speech in the city of Nara in western Japan.,Nicknamed "the Prince," Abe was born to a political family in 1954. His father, Shintaro Abe, was Japan's former foreign minister, while his grandfather Nobusuke Kishi served as prime minister in 1957 and 1960.,Abe took that office in 2006, while Japan's economy was struggling to recover from the 1998 Asian crisis. His first term, which was highly scandalous, ended in a year. However, Japanese voters had faith in him and re-elected Abe as prime minister in 2012 for eight years. He resigned in 2020, citing health issues. He has had ulcerative colitis since he was a teenager.,Before he decided to step down, Abe became the country’s longest-serving prime minister in terms of consecutive days in office, overtaking the record set by his great uncle Eisaku Sato by just four days.,Nevertheless, he remained a highly-praised leader of the largest faction in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party. Despite his retirement from the prime ministership, Abe remained engaged in politics.,Many labeled Abe's economic policy as "hawkish," it was dubbed "Abenomics," and delivered the Japanese economy from over a decade of stagnation.,As his policy successfully reeled in the Asian crisis, he gained an international reputation.,During Abe's premiership, Russia - Japan relations witnessed an upturn, raising the prospect of signing a peace treaty between the two nations. Abe and Russia's President Vladimir Putin agreed to consider joint economic activity in the Kuril Islands, a Pacific Ocean archipelago that became part of Russia in 1945 after World War Two.,In 2018, Putin and Abe agreed to accelerate peace treaty talks on the basis of a Soviet-era joint declaration.,Leaders Around the Globe Condemn Attack on Ex-Japanese PM Abe07:19 GMT,Abe also reshaped not only Japan's military policy but also formalized the idea of Quad — a four-way alliance brining together India, Australia, and the US.,Quad was founded in 2007 but remained largely passive until 2017, when the leaders of Australia, Japan, India and the US agreed to revive the format in the face of what they perceived as common threats, such as the growing influence of China.,Despite geostrategic rivalry with China, Abe had pursued cooperation with President Xi Jinping.,First elected to parliament in 1993, Abe established the LDP as a dominant force through a series of wins at the National Diet, Japan's legislature.,However, Abe's political career was not far away from scandal, as his wife, Akie Abe, was linked to a cronyism scandal related to the sale of state-owned land to a private school operator.。据英国《金融时报》23日报道，围绕重建议题，美国左右为难：若重建，需要数十亿美元，且有悖当下灵活分散的军事部署趋势；若不重建，缩减中东布局规模，地区盟友不免心生不满，美军也将留下“仓促脱身”的狼狈形象。

B |         这张3月25日在科威特首都科威特城拍摄的照片显示，位于费尔瓦尼耶省的科威特国际机场一油库遭袭后冒起浓烟。新华社发    基地前景堪忧    据《金融时报》报道，近40年来，美国在中东的军事存在一直由海湾沿岸的军事基地网络支撑，但随着部分基地在美伊战事中遇袭，其前景蒙上阴影。

C |     首先，基地重建需要“烧钱”。美国智库美国企业研究所4月发布的估算数据显示，分布在中东地区7个国家的11座美军基地在战事中受损，修复费用共计50亿美元。这在数百亿美元的美国对伊朗战事投入成本面前，也并非小数字。    其次，为“对抗先进对手”，现有的海湾美军基地日渐“失宠”。报道指出，美国国防部决策层愈发不看好将大型、固定基地作为军事行动集结和补给中心，转而倾向于更加分散的部署模式，使敌方难以打击美军。    第三，部分基地地面设施损毁严重，重建难度较大。伊朗对美军基地的机库、补给和雷达基础设施、指挥控制节点等实施轰炸，美国海军第五舰队一度因其位于巴林的司令部损毁严重，被迫将位于印度洋中部、距离伊朗数千公里的迪戈加西亚岛一处基地作为临时补给枢纽。    美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学国际问题高级研究学院教授哈尔·布兰兹表示，海湾美军基地，尤其是大型基地，“非常脆弱”。他认为美国将调整在该地区的军事部署，把基地“转移至伊朗短程导弹和无人机射程之外”。        6月15日，一架美军空中加油机从以色列本-古里安机场起飞。新华社发（吉尔·科恩·马根摄）    伊朗随机应变    为避免落入伊朗短程导弹射程，美军数月来已把部分官兵和战机等转移至以色列、约旦等国，还利用部分欧洲国家的军事基地起降战机和无人机。    伊朗战事爆发以来，已有多名美军士兵身亡，超过200处美军设施受损或被摧毁。美军同时消耗了大量先进防空拦截弹，多种型号导弹库存见底。    伊朗方面则认为与美国陷入旷日持久的军事冲突愈发不可避免，因而早已“未雨绸缪”。

D | 据《金融时报》19日报道，伊朗政府内部知情人士警告，如果伊美之间爆发新一轮全面冲突，伊朗将扩大战场，瞄准“更远的目标”，包括美国在保加利亚等东南欧国家的军事设施。

E |     曾供职于以色列军事情报机构的伊朗事务分析师丹尼·齐特里诺维茨推测，伊朗可能研发更多“射程可达以色列或约旦”的中程导弹。        8月7日，沙特阿拉伯王储兼首相穆罕默德（中）、土耳其总统埃尔多安（左）和巴基斯坦总理夏巴兹在沙特麦加签署《麦加共同防务协议》后合影。

F | 新华社发（沙特通讯社供图）    盟友质疑承诺    《金融时报》分析指出，即便美国调整在海湾地区的军事部署，也应考虑中东盟友的感受。数十年来，美国与中东地区盟友签订的“石油换安全”协议不断演变，部分海湾国家已经不再完全信任美国，转而寻求同其他国家建立防务关系，努力摆脱对美防卫依赖。美伊战事迫使所有盟友反思，美国的安全承诺到底意味着什么。    沙特阿拉伯、土耳其和巴基斯坦本月初签署一项共同防务协议。分析人士指出，在伊朗战事影响外溢背景下，一些国家发现美国“靠不住”，因而寻求加强彼此间安全合作，尝试建立地区集体安全机制。

G |     美国国防部负责中东事务的前任官员达纳·斯特劳尔认为，美国需要在军事行动需求与对中东盟友的安全承诺之间取得“微妙平衡”，且需要评估军事资产和部队部署情况，“以保障海湾国家的安全”。    不过，斯特劳尔和布兰兹均认为，美国可能难以摆脱中东盟友为其贴上的“抛弃盟友”“仓促跑路”等负面标签。    （新华社）返回，查看更多。

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Published on:01:06:15